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NEW QUESTION # 59
Which tables arc synchronized between a pair ofCX 8325 switches in a VSX cluster? (Select two.)
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
The question asks which tables are synchronized between a pair of CX 8325 switches in a Virtual Switching Extension (VSX) cluster. VSX is a high-availability solution that synchronizes specific tables to ensure consistent operation across both switches.
* Analysis of Options:
* A. BGP Neighbors:BGP neighbor tables are not synchronized in VSX; each switch maintains its own BGP sessions.
* B. MAC address:Correct. VSX synchronizes the MAC address table to ensure consistent Layer
2 forwarding across both switches.
* C. Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP):STP states are not synchronized; each switch runs its own STP instance, though they coordinate to avoid loops.
* D. IP Routing:Correct. VSX synchronizes the IP routing table to ensure consistent Layer 3 forwarding.
* E. Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP):LLDP information is not synchronized; each switch maintains its own neighbor information.
* Why B and D are Correct:In a VSX cluster, the MAC address table and IP routing table are synchronized to ensure seamless Layer 2 and Layer 3 operations. This synchronization allowsboth switches to share a common view of the network, enabling features like active-active forwarding and hitless failover. The vsx-sync feature in AOS-CX ensures these tables are kept consistent across the VSX pair.
* Relevance to Certification Objectives:
* Network Resiliency and Virtualization (8%):Involves designing and troubleshooting VSX for resiliency and redundancy.
* Switching (19%):Includes implementing and troubleshooting Layer 2 technologies like MAC address tables.
* Routing (16%):Covers IP routing table synchronization in VSX environments.
References:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX Configuration Guide: VSX Configuration, detailing table synchronization.
HPE7-A06Study Guide: Covers VSX architecture and synchronization mechanisms.
HPE Aruba Networking Technical Documentation: VSX Overview, explaining MAC and routing table synchronization.
VSX (Virtual Switching Extension) synchronizes state information between the two switches in a cluster to enable active-active forwarding and provide a single logical view to downstream devices.
Analysis of Options:
A: BGP Neighbors: BGP sessions are typically established independently by each VSX member. While configurations can be synced, the dynamic state/neighbor table itself is not a core VSX synchronization item.
B: MAC address: The MAC address table is synchronized between VSX members. This is crucial for Layer 2 forwarding consistency and allowing either switch to forward traffic destined for a known MAC address learned via the VSX pair.
C: Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP): STP runs independently on each physical switch. VSX uses technologies like MC-LAG to provide loop-free active-active paths downstream, reducing reliance on STP blocking, but the STP state itself isn't synchronized via the ISL.
D: IP Routing: While the full IP routing table (RIB) is built independently on each switch via routing protocols, VSX Active Gateway synchronizes necessary Layer 3 information (like virtual gateway IP and MAC, and potentially ARP entries) to ensure consistent first-hop routing and failover. Some sources might broadly categorize ARP synchronization under L3/IP routing context in VSX. Given that the ARP table (essential for L3 forwarding consistency) is synchronized, and it's not listed separately, "IP Routing" might encompass this synchronization aspect.
E: Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP): LLDP information relates to physically connected neighbors of each switch and is not synchronized across the VSX ISL.
Conclusion: The MAC address table (B) is definitively synchronized. The ARP table is also synchronized, which is fundamental for Layer 3 forwarding consistency provided by Active Gateway. As ARP is not explicitly listed, and "IP Routing" (D) is, D is the most likely second answer intended to cover the necessary L3 state synchronization (primarily ARP and Active Gateway state) performed by VSX.
References: AOS-CX VSX Guide (specifically sections on State Synchronization, ISL, Active Gateway), VSX Fundamentals documentation. This relates to "Network Resiliency and virtualization" (8%) and
"Switching" (19%) objectives.
NEW QUESTION # 60
An IT administrator uses AOS-CX switches to send TCP 22 trafficfrom the switch port to a remoteserver for analysis. The administrator now wants to save it locally tobedownloaded and used later in case the admin changes their mind about the approach to take.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The question involves an AOS-CX switch administrator using a packet capture (e.g., tshark) to monitor TCP port 22 traffic and wanting to save it locally for later download, instead of sending it to a remote server.
* Analysis of Options:
* Option A:Correct. The destination file tshark-pcap command specifies that the packet capture output is saved to a local file (e.g., tshark-pcap) on the switch's flash storage.
* Option B:Incorrect. destination tunnel file tshark-pcpap is not a valid AOS-CX command for local storage.
* Option C:Incorrect. destination cpu is not relevant for saving packet captures; it may refer to CPU-based monitoring.
* Option D:Incorrect. destination flash:/.'my-mirror.pcnap policy Policy Minor22 has invalid syntax and does not align with packet capture storage.
* Why Option A is Correct:In AOS-CX, packet captures can be configured using the monitor command (e.g., monitor session 1 source interface 1/1/1 destination file tshark-pcap). The destination file tshark- pcap option saves the captured packets (e.g., TCP port 22 traffic) to a local file on the switch's flash storage, which can be downloaded later via SCP, SFTP, or the Web UI. This meets the administrator's requirement to store the capture locally for future analysis, aligning with AOS-CX's packet capture capabilities.
* Relevance to Certification Objectives:
* Troubleshooting (10%):Performing advanced troubleshooting using packet captures.
* Performance Optimization (6%):Analyzing network traffic for performance issues.
* Connectivity (9%):Diagnosing connectivity issues with monitoring tools.
References:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX Configuration Guide: Packet Capture and Monitoring, detailing file-based captures.
HPE7-A06Study Guide: Covers troubleshooting with packet analysis tools.
HPE Aruba Networking Technical Documentation: AOS-CX Packet Capture Best Practices.
NEW QUESTION # 61
AnOSPF router has teamed a path to an external network oy both an El and an E2 advertisement, both routes having the same path cost. Which path -will the router prefer?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The question involves an OSPF router receiving both an E1 (External Type 1) and an E2 (External Type 2) advertisement for an external network with the same path cost. The task is to determine which path the router will prefer.
* Analysis of Options:
* Option A (ECMP):Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) is used when multiple paths have the same total cost, but E1 and E2 routes have different metric calculations, so ECMP does not apply here.
* Option B (Prefer E2):Incorrect, as E2 routes are preferred only when E1 routes are not present or have a higher total cost.
* Option C (Suppressed):OSPF does not suppress routes due to path conflicts; it selects the best path based on metrics.
* Option D (Prefer E1):Correct. OSPF prefers E1 routes over E2 routes because E1 routes include the internal cost to the ASBR (Autonomous System Boundary Router) plus the external cost, providing a more accurate total cost.
* Why Option D is Correct:In OSPF, external routes are advertised as E1 or E2. E1 routes include both the external cost (advertised by the ASBR) and the internal cost to reach the ASBR, making them more precise for path selection. E2 routes only consider the external cost and are the default for redistributed routes unless explicitly configured as E1. When an OSPF router receives both E1 and E2 routes with the same external cost, it prefers the E1 route because it accounts for the total path cost, including internal network topology. This is per OSPF standards (RFC 2328).
* Relevance to Certification Objectives:
* Routing (16%):Involves designing and troubleshooting OSPF routing topologies, including external route types (E1 vs. E2).
* Troubleshooting (10%):Includes analyzing OSPF path selection to resolve routing issues.
References:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX Configuration Guide: OSPF Configuration, detailing E1 and E2 route types.
HPE7-A06Study Guide: Covers OSPF external route selection and path preference.
RFC 2328: OSPF Version 2, explaining E1 and E2 route metrics and preference.
NEW QUESTION # 62
Refer to the four numborod slops in the exhibit.
Which action is the fourthstep in applying a role-to-role ACL on thetraffic from mobile device M1 to roleH2?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The question asks for the fourth step in applying a role-to-role ACL on traffic from a mobile device (M1) to a role (H2) in a network using Dynamic Segmentation with VXLAN. This follows question 17, which identified the first step as the AP forwarding the packet to the gateway.
* Analysis of Options:
* Option A:Correct. The fourth step involves the destination switch (Switch A1) determining the destination role (H2) based on the destination MAC or IP address and applying the role-to-role ACL to permit or deny the traffic.
* Option B:Describes an earlier step (likely second or third) where the gateway forwards traffic over a VXLAN tunnel.
* Option C:Describes the first step, as identified in question 17.
* Option D:Describes an intermediate step (likely third) where the edge switch transfers the Group Policy ID over VXLAN.
* Why Option A is Correct:In HPE Aruba Networking's Dynamic Segmentation architecture, the traffic flow for role-based ACLs in a VXLAN environment follows these steps:
* The AP forwards the packet from M1 to the gateway (question 17).
* The gateway assigns the source role (M1's role) and forwards the packet over a VXLAN tunnel with the Group Policy ID.
* The edge switch transfers the Group Policy ID to the destination switch (A1) via VXLAN.
* Switch A1 determines the destination role (H2) based on the destination MAC or IP address and enforces the role-to-role ACL, as defined in the Group-Based Policy (GBP).
The fourth step is critical for policy enforcement, ensuring that traffic complies with the security policies defined between the source and destination roles, providing secure network segmentation.
* Relevance to Certification Objectives:
* Security (10%):Designing and troubleshooting role-based security policies in customer networks.
* Switching (19%):Implementing Layer 2/3 interconnection technologies like VXLAN for policy enforcement.
* WLAN (9%):Troubleshooting wireless traffic flows in Dynamic Segmentation.
References:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-10 Configuration Guide: Dynamic Segmentation and VXLAN, detailing role- based policy enforcement.
HPE7-A06Study Guide: Covers Group-Based Policy and Dynamic Segmentation workflows.
HPE Aruba Networking Technical Documentation: Tunneled Node and Role-Based ACLs.
NEW QUESTION # 63
Which minimal configurations must becompleted for MSTP to work correctly? (Select two.)
Answer: D,E
Explanation:
The question asks for the minimal configurations required for Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) to work correctly on AOS-CX switches.
* Analysis of Options:
* Option A:Correct. The MSTP region name must be configured to define the MSTP region and ensure switches belong to the same region.
* Option B:Incorrect. Bridge priority is optional and defaults to 32768; it's not mandatory for MSTP functionality.
* Option C:Correct. The MSTP revision number is required to ensure consistency across switches in the same region.
* Option D:Incorrect. Enabling MSTP on interfaces is automatic for VLAN-enabled ports; explicit configuration is not mandatory.
* Option E:Incorrect. Creating MSTP instances is optional and only needed for specific VLAN-to- instance mappings.
* Why A and C are Correct:MSTP requires a consistent region configuration across all switches to function correctly. The minimal configuration includes:
* MSTP region name:Defines the region (e.g., spanning-tree config-name REGION1) to group switches.
* Revision number:Ensures region consistency (e.g., spanning-tree config-revision 1).
These settings ensure switches form a single MSTP region, allowing VLAN-to-instance mappings (default instance 0 if not specified) and loop prevention. Other settings, like bridge priority or explicit instance creation, are optional and not strictly required for basic MSTP operation.
* Relevance to Certification Objectives:
* Network Resiliency and Virtualization (8%):Designing and troubleshooting MSTP for redundancy and fault tolerance.
* Switching (19%):Implementing Layer 2 technologies like MSTP for loop prevention.
References:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX Configuration Guide: MSTP Configuration, detailing region and revision requirements.
HPE7-A06Study Guide: Covers MSTP setup and best practices.
HPE Aruba Networking Technical Documentation: Spanning Tree Protocols for AOS-CX.
NEW QUESTION # 64
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